Impact of rGO-coated PEEK and lattice on bone implant

The composite coating can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation and promote the expression of bone-building genes in-vitro. Therefore, a novel production was used to produce poly-ether-ether-ketone, and reduced graphene oxide (PEEK-rGO) scaffolds with ratios of 1–3%, combining a different lattice for a bone implant. An inexpensive method was developed to prepare the new coatings on the PEEK scaffold with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Mechanical testing, data analysis and cell culture tests for in-vitro biocompatibility scaffold characterisation for the PEEK composite were conducted. Novel computation microanalysis of four-dimensional (4D) printing of microstructure of PEEK-rGO concerning the grain size and three dimensional (3D) morphology was influenced by furrow segmentation of grains cell growth on the composite, which was reduced from an average of 216–155 grains and increased to 253 grains on the last day. The proposed spherical nanoparticles cell grew with time after dispersed PEEK nanoparticles in calcium hydroxyapatite (cHAp) grains. Also, the mechanical tests were carried out to validate the strength of the new composites and compare them to that of a natural bone. The established 3D-printed PEEK composite scaffolds significantly exhibited the potential of bone implants for biomimetic heterogeneous bone repair.